Boarding School

 Boarding schools ,  boarding schools, or called the cabin  alone, is a school  of Islamic  boarding contained Indonesia. Education in the schools aimed to deepen knowledge about  the Qur'an  and  Sunnah , by studying the Arabic language  and grammar rules of Arabic-language.The boarding school students (referred to as  students ) studying in this school, once lived in a dormitory provided by the pesantren.  Institutions are also similar in other countries: for example in Malaysia and Southern Thailand called  pondok schools , as well as inIndia and Pakistan called  Islamia madrasa .

The term  boarding  is derived from the pe- students -an, where the word "students" means students in the   Java language . The term  cottage   comes from the Arabic  funduuq  ( فندوق ), which means inn.  Thus the boarding school where lodging can be interpreted as the students who are studying Religious Studies.  Especially in  Aceh , Islamic boarding schools called by the name of  the Islamic boarding school . Normally boarding school headed by a  Kyai .  To regulate the life of boarding schools, clerics appoint a senior students to organize their class brothers, they are usually called the  headman cottage .  The purpose of the students are separated from their parents and their families is so that they learn to live independently and simultaneously to improve relations with the clerics and also  God .

Other opinions, boarding students come from word that can mean the students.  The word comes from the word apprentice students (Sanskrit language, or possibly Java) which means people who always follow the teacher, who later developed by the College Park students in the dormitory system called Pawiyatan.  The term also in the existing students in the language of  Tamil , which means the tutor, is C. C Berg   argued that the term is derived from the term Shastri, which in Indian language means a person who knows the sacred books of Hindu religion or a religious scholar scribes holy  Hindu .  Sometimes it is also considered a compound word  saint  (good man) with the syllable  tra  ( helpful), so that word could mean boarding a fine human education.

Pesantren was originally a center penggemblengan broadcasting values and religion  of Islam .  However, in its development, these institutions increasingly widen the areas that do not merely accelerate garapannya vertical mobility (with penjejelan religious materials), but also horizontal mobility (social consciousness). Pesantren are now no longer dwell on the religious-based curriculum (regional-based curriculum ) and tend to soar, but also a curriculum that touches the issue kikian society ( society-based curriculum ).   As such, schools can no longer be charged solely as a purely religious institution , but also (should) become a living social institution that continues to respond to problems bawdy chaos surrounding community.

Boarding School is the oldest Islamic institution which is a cultural product Indonesia.  The existence of pesantren in Indonesia started since Islam entered the country by adopting a system of religious education which has actually grown long before the arrival of Islam.  As an educational institution that has long been entrenched in this country, boarding schools have recognized that a very large share of the nation's history.

Many boarding schools in Indonesia only impose the santrinya with a low cost, although some modern pesantren burden with higher costs.  Even so, when compared with some other similar educational institutions, modern boarding school is much cheaper. Organization mass(Mass) of Islam's most lots have a boarding school is Nahdlatul Ulama  (NU).  CBOs other Muslims who also has a lot of boarding is  Al-Washliyah and  Hidayatullah

TYPE PESANTREN

Pesantren are only taught Islamic religious knowledge alone is commonly called the Salafi pesantren .Traditional pattern adopted in boarding salafi are the students working for their clerics - can by hoeing fields , take care of pond (fish ponds), and so forth - and in return they taught their religion by the religious scholars. Most Salafi pesantren provide dormitories as the residence of the santrinya by charging low fees or even no cost at all. The students, generally spend up to 20 hours a day with full of activities, starting from Fajr prayers in the morning until they go back to sleep at night. At noon, the students went to public school to learn formal science, in the evening they attended lectures by clerics or religious teachers to deepen their religious studies and the Koran.

There also boarding schools that teach general education, where the rate is more teaching sciences of Islamic religious education than the general sciences (mathematics, physics, and others). This is often referred to as a modern Islamic boarding schools , and generally keep emphasizing the values of simplicity, sincerity, self-reliance, and self-control. In boarding schools with teaching materials mix between formal science education and science of Islam, the students learn, such as in public schools or madrasah. Pesantren mixture to the level of junior high schools  are sometimes also known as Madrasah Tsanawiyah , while for the level of high school by the name of Madrasah Aliyah . However, the difference in boarding schools and madrassas are located in the system. Pesantren santrinya enter into the dormitory, while the madrasas are not.

There is also a boarding school parent who has a branch in another area, and usually managed by alumni of the boarding school master. For example, the Pondok Pesantren Modern Darussalam Gontor  located in Ponorogo , East Java has a branch hut alumni, among others:

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Pondok Modern Arrisalah  in Slahung , led by Joseph KH Ma'sum.

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Pondok Modern Assalam Sukabumi  in Sukabumi, West Java , led by K. Badrusyamsi, M. Pd

SRJARAH PESANTREN

Generally, a boarding school originated from the existence of a  kyai  somewhere, then come students who want to study religion to him.  After the day more and more students are coming, there arose the initiative to establish a cottage or dormitory next to the house Kyai.  In ancient times did not plan kyai how to build a hut, but the thought is how to teach religious knowledge in order to understand and be understood by students.  Kyai time did not give attention to the places inhabited by the students, who are generally very small and simple.  They occupy a building or home small that they established themselves around the house Kyai.  The greater the number students, hut also increasingly established.  The students further popularize the existence of these boarding schools, so that became famous everywhere, for example as in the cabins that arise during the time of Walisongo .

ROLE PESANTREN

Pondok Pesantren in Indonesia has a very big role, both for the advancement of Islam itself and for the Indonesian nation as a whole. Based on existing records, the activities of religious education in the  archipelago  has been started since 1596. Kemudain religious activities is what is known as Boarding School.  Even in the notes Howard M. federspiel - salaseorang reviewer to-Islamic in Indonesia, ahead of 12th-century studies centers in Aceh and Palembang (Sumatra), in East Java and in Gowa  (Sulawesi) has to produce the writings of important and has attracted students to learn.

Mesjid Terindah di dunia

Here are 10 mosques in the world's most beautiful, broad criteria for assessment of the mosque, history, facilities and their uses, let's see.
1. mosque Baitul Mukarram, Dhaka, Bangladesh

This Mosque is the National Mosque of Bangladesh. Located in the heart of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, this mosque was founded in the 1960s.
It has a capacity of 30,000 people, to 10 biggest mosque in the world, but still get the mosque is too full of faithful Muslims worship.Because of this, the government of Bangladesh has decided to add an extension (dilation) of the mosque.
2. Faisal Mosque, Islamabad, Pakistan

Faisal Mosque in Islamabad is the biggest mosque in Indonesia and South Asia and the fourth largest mosque in the world. It is the largest mosque in the world 1986-1993 when the defeated measure by the completion of the Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca, Morocco. After the expansion of Masjid Al-Haram
(Grand Mosque) of Mecca and Al-Masjid Al-Nabawi (Mosque of the Prophet) in Medina, Saudi Arabia in the 1990s,
Mosque Faisal Mosque to the fourth largest in the world.
3. Sultan Mosque, Singapore

Sultan Mosque, located at Muscat Street and North Bridge Road in Kampong Glam Rochor District Regional Planning in Singapore. The mosque is considered one of the most important mosques in Singapore. Prayer hall and domes highlight the star feature of the mosque.
Masjid Sultan has stayed essentially unchanged since it was built, only with improvements made to the main hall in 1960 and annex added in 1993. He set as a national monument on 14 March 1975.
4. Baiturrahman, Bandar Aceh, Indonesia

Baiturrahman Grand Mosque is a mosque located in downtown Banda Aceh. This mosque is a mosque used to be the Sultanate of Aceh.
When the Dutch attacked the city of Banda Aceh in 1873, this mosque was burned, then in 1875 the Dutch rebuilt a mosque instead.
This single domed mosque and can be completed on December 27, 1883. Next Mosque is being expanded to 3 dome in 1935. Last expanded again to 5 dome (1959-1968).
This mosque is one of the most beautiful mosques in Indonesia which has the form of a sweet, attractive carvings, a large yard and feels very cool if it was in the room mosque.
5.Taj 'ul Masjid, Bhopal, India

Taj-ul-Masajid, is a mosque located in Bhopal, India. This is one of the largest mosques in Asia. The mosque is also used as a madrasa (Islamic school) in the daytime.
6. Omar Ali Saifuddin, Brunei

Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque is a royal Islamic mosque located in Bandar Seri Begawan, capital of the Sultanate of Brunei. The mosque is classified as one of the most spectacular mosques in the Asia Pacific region and become a major attraction for tourists.Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque is considered amongst the people of Brunei as the landmarks of his country.
7. Zahir Mosque, Kedah, Malaysia

This mosque was built in 1912, a distinguished business expense Ibni The late Tunku Mahmud Sultan Tajuddin Mukarram Shah. This site is the tomb mosque of Kedah warriors who had died while maintaining Kedah from Siam in 1821. Architecture of the mosque was inspired by Azizi Mosque in Langkat city in northern Sumatra. The mosque is enhanced by the five major large domes symbolizing the five Islamic principles.
8. Al Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem, Israel (Palestine)

Al-Aqsa Mosque (Arabic: المسجد الاقصى, "the farthest mosque"), also known as Al-Aqsa, is an Islamic shrine in the Old City of Jerusalem. In the mosque itself is part of Al-Haram ash-Sharif or "Noble Sanctuary Sacred" (together with the Dome of the Rock), a site which is also known as Temple Mount and the sites holiest site in Judaism, because it is believed to be the Temple in Jerusalem once stood. is widely regarded as the third holiest site in Islam, Muslims believe that Prophet Muhammad was transported from the Sacred Mosque in Mecca to the Al-Aqsa Mosque during the Night Journey. Islamic tradition states that Muhammad led prayers for this site until the seventeenth month after the emigration, when God ordered him to turn toward the Kaaba.
In the Al-Aqsa Mosque was originally a small prayer house built by Caliph Umar Rashidun, but it has been built and developed by Ummayad caliph Abd al-Malik and completed by his son Al-Walid in 705 CE. After the earthquake in 746, the mosque was completely destroyed and built by the Abbasid caliph al-Mansur in 754, and back again by the successors of al-Mahdi in 780. Another earth quake destroyed most of al-Aqsa at least 1033, but two years later Fatimid caliph Ali az-Zahir built another mosque which has stood to this day to day. During periodic renovation, various ruling dynasties of the Islamic caliphate to build mosques and additional surrounding areas, such as the dome, vision, and minbar, minarets and interior structure. When the Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099, they used the mosque as a palace and church, but its function as a mosque has been restored once again by Saladin. After renovations, improvements and additions made in later centuries by Ayyubids, Today, the Old City under Israeli control, but still below the mosque administration-led Palestinian Islamic Waqf.
9. Masjid Al Nabawi, Madina, Saudi Arabia

In the Prophet's Mosque (or Mosque of the Prophet) (Arabic: المسجد النبوي), in Medina, is the second holiest mosque in Islam and mosques in the world's second largest after the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca. This is where the end of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.The mosque is considered the second holiest mosque by both Shia and Sunni, while the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem is the third holiest.
One of the most important features of the site that the Green Dome through the middle of the mosque, where Muhammad's tomb is located. This is not really known when it was built green dome but manuscripts dating to the early 12th century to explain the dome.This is known as the Dome of the Prophet or the Green Dome. Islam after the government was expanded and decorated it. Early Muslim leaders Abu Bakr and Umar were buried in an area around the mosque.
Sites initially Muhammad's house, he settled there after the Hijra (emigration) to Medina, later building a mosque in the courtyard. He himself shared in the heavy construction work. Original mosque was an open air building. Basic building plans have been adopted in the building other mosques around the world.
The mosque is also used as community centers, courts, and religious schools. There is one platform to generate people who are taught the Koran.
10. Masjid Al Haram, Makkahm, Saudi Arabia

Al-Masjid Al-Haram (المسجد الحرام) is the largest mosque in the world. Located in the city of Mecca, he was around the Kaaba, the place which Muslims turn towards while offering daily prayer and is considered the holiest place on Earth by Muslims.
The mosque is also known as the Grand Mosque.
Current structure covers an area of 400,800 square meters (99.0 acres) including the outer and in the prayer room and can accommodate up to 4 million during the pilgrimage period, one of the largest annual gatherings of people in the world.